History:
In the UK labour came into power in 1997 with their “cool
Britannia” policy drive. The product of culture had been “economised” there was
attempts at cultural policies to counter this. Cultural polices becoming a
term for the sectors involved in
culturally consumed goods, but a lack of “voice” for the industries made it
difficult for a firm to grow.
May, 1998 Lord Chris Smith wanted money from the treasury
and a political agenda to recognise this and gain advantage from the IP, which
at the time was not regulated.
Hence the creative industries was born
The first Creative
Industries Mapping Document, published in November 1998
“Those industries which have their origin in individual creativity,
skill and talent and which have a potential for wealth and job creation through the generations and exploitation of intellectual property”
(DCMS, 1998)
“Intellectual
property”= Intellectual property refers to the ownership of intangible and
non-physical goods. This includes ideas, names, designs, symbols, artwork,
writings, and other creations. It also refers to digital media, such as audio
and video clips that can be downloaded online.
“Cultural Industries”
= Cultural Industries are defined as those industries which produce tangible or
intangible artistic and creative outputs, and which have a potential for wealth
creation and income generation through the exploitation of cultural assets and
production of knowledge-based goods and services (both traditional and
contemporary). What cultural industries
have in common is that they all use creativity, cultural knowledge, and
intellectual property to produce products and services with social and cultural
meaning.
Links:
Definition intellectual property - http://www.techterms.com/definition/intellectualproperty
Definition Cultural Industries - http://culturalentrepreneur.org/blog/what-are-cultural-industries/
Sectors:
·
Advertising
·
Architecture
·
Arts and antiques
·
Crafts
·
Music
·
Film and video
·
Computer and video games
·
Software
·
Publishing
·
Design
·
Fashion
·
Performance arts
·
Television
·
Radio
Key Events in the evolution of the creative industries:
1990’s: Sharp
rise in employment.
1998: First publication
of mapping documents.
2006: “Creative
economy” a term adopted by the UK government.
Mapping Document:
“Creative Industries Mapping Document The need then was to raise
awareness of the industries, the contribution they made to
the economy and the issues they faced”
Links:
Mapping Document: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/183544/2001part1-foreword2001.pdf
Developments
that affected the Creative Industries:
Link
Jobs, Money, Growth:
Software and computer services: £36.4
billion
Design: £26.7 billion
Publishing: £18.5 billion
Television and Radio: £12.1 billion
Music: £ 4.6 billion
Film and Video: £3.6
billion
Art and Antiques Market: £3.5 billion
Advertising: £3.0 billion
Architecture: £ 1.7
billion
Interactive Leisure Software: £1.0 billion
Designer Fashion:
£0.6 billion
Performing Arts: £0.5
billion
Crafts: £0.4
billion
This is a rounded up figure, the gross revenue being around
£ 112.5 billion.
The employment is at about
1.3 million people, with a growth of 16% in 1997-1998, this is a significant
growth compared to the 6% growth of the economy as a whole.
The creative industries “exports contribute around £10.8
billion to the balance of trade and the industries count for over 5% GDP.”
Employment in the sectors:
Software and computer services: 555,000
Publishing: 141,000
Music: 122,000
Television and radio: 102,000
Advertising: 93,000
Design: 76,000
Performing arts: 74,000
Film and Video: 45,000
Art and Antiques Market: 37,000
Crafts: 24,000
Architecture: 21,000
Interactive leisure Software: 21,000
Designer Fashion: 12,000
Link:
All information: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/183544/2001part1-foreword2001.pdf
Economy:
“Our creative
industries are a real success story. They are worth more than £36 billion a
year; they generate £70,000 every minute for the UK economy; and they employ
1.5 million people in the UK. According to industry figures, the creative
industries account for around £1 in every £10 of the UK’s exports.”
Link:
Key findings
“Contribution to the economy–Gross Value Added, the Creative
Industries
accounted for 2.89% of gross value added (GVA) in the UK in
2009Relative to the
UK’s total GVA, the Creative Industries GVA has increase by0.07%
(from2.82% in 2008), but in absolute terms the GVA reduced by 1% from 2008 (£36.6
billion to£36.3 billion) Publishing has the largest contribution to the UK’s
GVA, accounting for 0.92% in2009
Exports of
Services
The Creative Industries accounted for 10.6% of the UK’s
exports in 2009
Publishing and TV & Radio accounted for the highest exports
of services.
(3.1% and 2.6% of the UK’s exports respectively)
Employment
1.50 million people are employed in either the Creative
Industries
or in a creative role in another industry (5.14% of UK
employment).
This is a small increase on 2008 (1.44 million employed and
4.99% of UK employment).
Music & Visual and Performing Arts are the largest
employers in the Creative Industries
With 300,000 employed in 2009 (1% of the UK).
Number of Businesses
In 2011 there are 106,700 creative enterprises (5.13% of the
UK) and 108,820 (4.27% of
the UK) creative local units This represents an increase in
both enterprises (4.9% to 5.1%) and local units (4.2% to4.3%)from 2009Music
& Visual and Performing Arts account for the largest contribution to the
number of businesses (1.46% of the UK for enterprises and 1.21% of the UK for
local units in 2011).”
Link
Cultural Industries:
Cultural industries
are important to the UK as they bring the tourists in such events as the Edinburgh
Fringe festival, this festival brings people from all around the world and
generates money coming from the people
coming over to see the shows and exploring the area. The Fringe Festival Relies
on the Creative industries as they need posters, flyers and a website designed
for them, they need sets built and costumes designed.
A bit about the
festivals history:
“Our story dates back to 1947, when eight theatre groups
turned up uninvited to perform at the (then newly formed) Edinburgh
International Festival, an initiative created to celebrate and enrich European
cultural life in the wake of the Second World War. Not being part of the
official programme of the International festival didn’t stop these performers –
they just went ahead and staged their shows anyway. Year on year more and more
performers followed their example and in 1958 the Festival Fringe Society was
created in response to the success of this growing trend.”
“The Festivals generated over a quarter of a billion pounds
worth of additional tourism revenue for Scotland (£261m) in 2010. The economic
impact figure for Edinburgh is £245m. The Fringe alone contributed a staggering
£142 million of this.
The Festivals play a starring role in the profile of the
city and its tourism economy, with 93% of visitors stating that the Festivals
are part of what makes Edinburgh special as a city, 82% agreeing that the
Festivals make them more likely to revisit Edinburgh in the future and 82%
stating that the Festivals were their sole or an important reason for coming to
Scotland.
85% of all respondents agree that the Festivals promote a
confident, positive Scottish national identity; and 89% of Edinburgh
respondents say that the Festivals increase local pride in their home city.”
The Festival: https://www.edfringe.com/
Issues in Vocational area:
Animation
The animation sector can face difficulties such as the
animation style being copied, a prime
example being a youtuber called Tom Ska
who created the ASDF movies, since the
first one was released there has been many people copying the style and
comedy her is a few examples;
Here is the original piece created by Tom Ska:
And here are a few
copy cats:
Copy cat one using the audio from asdf:
and here is an example of a copy cat using the same style and the audio from the
original:
As well as copy cats
there is other online you tube users who upload the movie and claims it as
their own., drawing fans of the asdf movie away from the original piece
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